A central organizing concept in biology is that life changes and develops through evolution, and that all life-forms known have a common origin. The theory of evolution postulates that all organisms on the Earth, both living and extinct, have descended from a common ancestor or an ancestral gene pool. This universal common ancestor of all organisms is believed to have appeared about 3.5 billion years ago.Biologists regard the ubiquity of the genetic codeas definitive evidence in favor of the theory of universal common descent for allbacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes (see: origin of life).
The term “evolution” was introduced into the scientific lexicon by Jean-Baptiste De Lamarck in 1809,and fifty years later Charles Darwin posited a scientific model of natural selection as evolution’s driving force. (Alfred Russel Wallace is recognized as the co-discoverer of this concept as he helped research and experiment with the concept of evolution.) Evolution is now used to explain the great variations of life found on Earth.
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Biology 